Alfred the Great (849-899) is considered to be the first king of England. He is remembered for two important things: saving his land from the destruction by the invading Danes, and his dedication to education. So, first of all, all his reign was spent in wars with the Danes. Alfred managed to defeat them and forced them to leave England. Secondly, Alfred actively supported education in his country by opening a lot of schools. He also established the code of law based on the Bible.

Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) is famous for being the leader of the English Republic – the first republic in Europe. Charles I, the king of England, wanted to rule without Parliament. But he was defeated during the Civil War and beheaded. Oliver Cromwell who was the leader of the Parliamentary army, became the leader of England. He was a country gentlemen, a rough man, unskillful as a speaker, but firm and persistent. But he dismissed Parliament and became a dictator himself. The political instability followed his death. That’s why the monarchy was restored.
Bonnie Prince Charlie (1720-1788) was the last representative of the House of Stuarts. He was a grandson of James II the last of the Stuart kings. He was a handsome man, that’s why the Scots called him Bonnie. Charlie made an attempt to succeed to the throne. But he failed being betrayed by the Highlanders who had supported him at first.
Queen Victoria (1819-1901) is the longest reigning monarch in British history. She is known as the Grandmother of Europe because she married members of her family into many royal houses in Europe. Queen Alexandra, the wife of the Russian Tsar Nicholas the II was her granddaughter.
Sir Winston Churchill (1874-1965) is known for his courageous leadership as a Prime Minister of Great Britain. He became extremely famous after the Boer War. He was a war correspondent. During the WWII he encouraged in his compatriots the hope for the victory. He made speeches on the radio, he took active part in establishing the anti-Hitler alliance. Besides he was a good painter and writer. Churchill was given the Noble Prize for Literature in 1953.
Margaret Thatcher (1925-) became known as the Iron Lady because of her strict control over her cabinet and the country’s economic policies. She became the Prime Minister three times being the leader of the Conservative Party. She is famous for the “Thatcher revolution”. Thatcher returned education, health care and housing to private control, limited government control and its interference in the economy.